Jiu-Jitsu,
which means gentle art is the oldest form of martial art. It originated in India
more than 2000 years before Christ. It was created by monks who could not use
any type of weapons to defend their lives against barbarian attacks. It spread
through China, and eventually took root and was elaborated on in Japan becoming
the first martial art style. The samurai clans in Japan adopted Jiu-Jitsu as
their own traditional style to defeat an opponent regardless if the situation
was striking, throwing or grappling. With the passing years, they split the
techniques and developed other martial arts styles, such as judo, aikido, karate,
etc.
In 1914, Japanese Jiu-Jitsu champion Esai Maeda migrated to Brazil, where he was
instrumental in establishing a Japanese immigrant community. His efforts were
aided by Gastão Gracie, a Brazilian scholar and politician of Scottish descent.
As an expression of his gratitude for Gracie's assistance, Maeda taught the
Brazilian's oldest son Carlos the essential secrets of the ancient martial arts
technique. Carlos taught Maeda's techniques to his four brothers, and in 1925
they opened the first Jiu-Jitsu academy in Brazil. For the Gracie brothers,
teaching the art was more than an occupation. It was their passion.
One of the brothers, Helio Gracie, paid special interest to the use of the
techniques. Helio being of small frame, light in weight (only 135 pounds), and
in frail health, was 16 when he began learning Jiu-Jitsu. Being unable to
participate in classes, he would sit and watch his older brother teach every
day. One day when Carlos was unable to make it to class, Helio was asked to
instruct. Because of his size and stature, he began to work with and adapt the
basic rules of Jiu-Jitsu. He introduced the application of leverage to the art,
making it possible for a smaller opponent to defeat a larger one. He began
experimenting, modifying and enhancing the basic techniques to make them
effective for a person regardless of his or her stature. Thus began the
development of a new and more effective art - Gracie Jiu-Jitsu.
Helio's skills eventually enabled him to beat some of the world's greatest
fighters. Helio's feats include the longest fight in recorded history - 3 hours
and 45 minutes, nonstop - and the historic match against Masahiko Kimura, who
was probably the greatest fighter Japan ever produced. Now in his 90's, Helio
Gracie still teaches and is widely recognized as a living legend.
Helio's quest became today's Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, a martial art that is
continuously evolving as a result of input from practitioners throughout the
world. Much has been learned since the beginning when the Gracies began
developing the sport. Rickson Gracie, one of Helio's sons, has been the family
champion for the past 20 years and is the ultimate embodiment of Gracie
Jiu-Jitsu.
